Op 23 mei 2019 is het voorontwerp voor de wet uitbreiding meldplichten aandeelhouders gepubliceerd. In deze bijdrage wordt het voorontwerp besproken en wordt ingegaan op de openbare consultatiereacties.

In dit artikel gaat de auteur in op de toepassing van art. 159 lid 2 Rv en andere juridische aspecten van een stellige ontkenning van een elektronische ondertekening. Hij betoogt dat toepassing van deze bepaling ook bij een stellige ontkenning van een elektronische handtekening tot resultaten kan leiden waarmee de praktijk uit de voeten kan als haar reikwijdte wordt beperkt tot de waarheid van de ondertekende verklaring.

Deze annotatie reflecteert op overwegingen van het Gerecht in het Slovak Telekom-arrest die betrekking hebben op de vraag wat de voorwaarden zijn voor het vaststellen van een constructieve leveringsweigering in de context van een gereguleerde markt. Het Gerecht kiest een opvallend (nieuwe) formele benadering. Enige reflectie op de stand van de jurisprudentie is daarmee wenselijk.

Since 2007, a statute has been in force in the Netherlands (the Wet inburgering or Act on Civic Integration) that provides for a system of fines that can be imposed on certain classes of immigrants for not passing the ‘civic integration exam’, testing knowledge of Dutch language and culture, by a certain deadline. However, the way in which the statute defines the precise obligations on immigrants, which classes of immigrants have those obligations, what the exact deadline is and when it can be extended leaves much to be desired in terms of legal certainty, especially considering the frequent changes that the legislature of the Netherlands makes to the statute. Morever, since a fine is imposed as a penalty for what is effectively a ‘criminal charge’ (in the sense of article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights), what role does the establishment in a fair trial of the immigrant’s culpability play in the imposition of such a fine? For a completely different perspective on integration policy, the author discusses the 2015 decision P. and S. of the Court of Justice of the European Union, in which he was the legal representative of the plaintiffs. When an immigrant is a beneficiary of an EU directive providing for immigration rights for third-country nationals, the Court holds that it is permissible to impose fines in order to stimulate the immigrant’s integration in the society of the host member state, but that such a penalty may not go so far as to actively endanger the goal of aiding integration. In general, the Court is highly sceptical of the effectiveness and fairness of the system of fines provided for by the Act on Civic Integration. The author concludes that the Act, with its clear emphasis on punishment rather than promotion of civic integration, ultimately has the effect of criminalising entire classes of immigrants to the Netherlands.

The effective return of third-country nationals who do not have a right to stay in the EU is an essential component of the European Migration Agenda. At EU level, the return policy is regulated by the Return Directive (2008/115/EC). Since the entry into force of this directive in 2010, the migratory pressure on the Member States and the Union as a whole has increased. As a result, the challenges related to the effective return of irregular migrants need to be adressed more than ever. Accordingly, the European Commission proposed a recast of the Return Directive. This article analyses some key features of this recast.

Verslag van het MvO-symposium van 29 mei 2019, met lezingen over hoe het economisch marktdenken het sociale in het ondernemingsrecht in de verdrukking heeft gebracht, social entrepreneurship en tot slot de rol van het vennootschapsrecht in relatie tot externaliteiten.

Threats, vulnerabilities, and new forms of attack within the cyber domain develop rapidly. To keep up with and respond to these trends, cyber security professionals must demonstrate reaction velocity, accuracy and a high tolerance for complexity. Publicly available information (PAI) can serve as an important aid to personnel engaged in cyber security analysis. However, evaluation of cyber analytical capacity – a pre-requisite for any measurement of quality or improvement – is still inchoate. This article covers the concept and design of an initial phase of research begun in October 2018 in The Netherlands to measure and improve cyber analysis techniques. The research program features a forecasting tournament to record participants’ probabilistic estimates on future cyber outcomes based exclusively on PAI knowledge acquisition. This phase of research seeks to address whether analysts’ predictions are more accurate in certain subjects within the cyber domain than in others and to assess how predictive accuracy in the cyber domain compares to accuracy in other domains in which forecasting tournaments have been organized.

What are the most important threats for national security in the following years? What do we foresee for the longer term? How are threats interrelated? In this article, we discuss the work of the Dutch Network of Safety and Security Analysts (ANV), which deals with this type of questions since 2011. The main task of this multidisciplinary network is to provide input for the National Security Strategy. It does so by providing an Integrated Risk analysis and a Horizon scan National Security. The authors discuss the foresight-methods used by the network (scenario studies and horizon scanning techniques), as well as the most important conclusions from both studies.

Hoe kan de producent van een verbruikend apparaat zoals een printer de controle over de lucratievere markt van de consumables (printercartridges) houden? De verschillende IE-rechten en technologische middelen die daarbij worden ingezet, komen aan de orde in deze bijdrage, die concludeert dat technologie de controle van concurrent naar consument lijkt te verplaatsen.

Sinds 1 januari 2019 is een raamwerk voor simple, transparant and standardised (STS) securitisaties van kracht. In deze bijdrage wordt een aantal vermogensrechtelijke en prudentiële gevolgen van een securitisatie besproken en de impact van het nieuwe raamwerk. Daarbij wordt gekeken naar de richtsnoeren en de toelichting van de EBA.