De binding van de werkgever aan de cao-ontslagcommissie is bepalend voor de bevoegdheid. Ook de ongebonden werknemer raakt op deze manier gebonden. De auteur bespreekt of deze vorm van binding in overeenstemming is met het cao-recht.

In dit artikel wordt ingegaan op de vraag over welk beslag de zittingsrechter nog dient te beslissen. Wet en praktijk lopen op dit vlak uiteen. Zo is de beslaglijst in de praktijk vaak leidend, maar formeel moet ook over voorwerpen waar inmiddels geen beslag meer op rust nog een beslissing genomen worden. Daarnaast lijkt artikel 353 Sv geen rekening te houden met de mogelijkheid dat een klassiek beslag is gehandhaafd als conservatoir (art. 94a Sv) beslag. Indien de zittingsrechter een voorwerp verbeurd wil verklaren waarop conservatoir beslag rust, lijkt abusievelijk ook artikel 34 Sr van toepassing.

Ethiek speelt een niet weg te denken rol bij de afwikkeling van letselschade. Er zijn weinig andere werkterreinen waar menselijke en financiële aspecten zo sterk aan privacy raken en soms zelfs door elkaar heen lopen. De GBL is dan ook voor een belangrijk deel gebaseerd op ethiek. Ethisch werken lukt niet altijd ‘zomaar’. Het 3Fasenmodel van morele besluitvorming dat wij uiteenzetten in dit artikel, biedt daarvoor een praktische oplossing.

Het rechtsbelangenconcept lijkt aan een kleine opmars bezig in het Nederlands strafrecht. Waarom en waarom juist nu? En wat heeft het strafrecht daaraan? In deze bijdrage, die oorspronkelijk als lezing werd voorgedragen tijdens het afscheidssymposium van prof. mr. Tineke Cleiren, gaat Luuk Esser op deze vragen in en betoogt hij dat het rechtsbelangenconcept voor het strafrecht in een door fragmentatie gekenmerkte samenleving een belangrijk bindmiddel kan zijn.

Since 2004, cell sharing in Dutch correctional institutions has increased to nearly 30%. In contrast to many other countries, the use of double cells is a policy measure to cut costs, rather than a measure to deal with overcrowding of correctional institutions. This article examines individuals’ experiences of sharing a cell, and the association between cell sharing, wellbeing, misconduct, and prison climate, using survey data from the Life in Custody Study collected in 2019. The sample comprises 3408 participants (in regular prison regimes, pre-trial detention, and short-stay custody). The results show that most respondents report a good relationship with their cellmate, but still prefer a single cell. There is no evidence for positive effects of cell sharing on the researched domains; some negative effects are found when individuals prefer a single cell or report a poor relationship with their cellmate.

While not a new phenomenon, research on criminal intrusion in (small) businesses is often focussed on the perspective of the criminal, reconstructed after a crime has taken place. In this article we add the perspective of the entrepreneur from the moment he/she is confronted with early signs of possible criminal intrusion. Firstly, we introduce a definition of criminal intrusion, based on 18 cases of (attempted) criminal intrusion in small business: The process by which an actor of a criminal organization turns to and associates with a bona fide corporation, making that corporation a facilitator of criminal business process without its deliberate intent. Secondly, we distinguish three (not necessarily limitative) main practices on how this facilitation of crime takes place within the scope of criminal intrusion in bona fide businesses: 1) a transactional model, which focusses on an exchange of products or services between criminal organizations and businesses; 2) a parasitic relationship where operational processes are abused for criminal gains, and 3) infiltration, in which targeted infiltration, corruption of employees or ‘criminal investment’ takes place to gain a foothold within the business. By introducing a theoretical framework for the categorisation of cases, we hope to further develop the possibilities of (criminological) analysis of criminal intrusion, while simultaneously provide small business owners insights to strengthen their resilience against organised crime.

Dutch prisons are not exempt from incidents. Despite the negative impact of violence on the safety of inmates and the chances of successful reintegration, not much is known about the prevalence of victimization in Dutch prisons and the characteristics of victims. Additionally, previous research has pointed out the overlap between victim status and offender status. In this contribution, the authors will discuss the prevalence of self-reported victimization among Dutch inmates and the characteristics of victims and victim-offenders. Data from 3,485 participants from the Life in Custody Study are used for this purpose.

The interpretive techniques applied by the European Court of Human Rights are instrumental in filling the vaguely formulated rights-provisions with progressive content, and their use provoked widespread criticism. The article argues that despite the scarcity of explicit references to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, all the ECtHR’s methods and doctrines of interpretation have basis in the VCLT, and the ECtHR has not developed a competing framework. The Vienna rules are flexible enough to accommodate the interpretive rules developed in the ECHR jurisprudence, although effectiveness and evolutive interpretation is favoured – due to the unique nature of Convention – over the more traditional means of interpretation, such as textualism. Applying the VCLT as a normative framework offers unique ways of reconceptualising some of the much-contested means of interpretation in order to increase the legitimacy of the ECtHR.

Although reward systems are utilized in prisons worldwide, evaluations regarding their intended use are lacking. This contribution reconstructs the policy theory of such a system: Promotion and Demotion, as implemented in Dutch prisons in 2014. With a policy scientific approach the intended target group, means, goals and causal mechanisms of the system were delineated. The policy theory assumes three means, ten goals and 24 causal mechanisms. The policy theory is insufficiently empirically substantiated on a number of points and takes limited account of (cognitively) impaired prisoners. This accurate reconstruction offers a unique insight into the assumed functioning of a part of Dutch detention policy and provides starting points for international considerations of behavioral change in detention.

The social abstinence imposed by governments in many countries in response to the corona pandemic raises interesting questions and research opportunities. One of those questions is how crime develops in times of forced stay at home and reduced social interaction. That question is the focus of this article. In their analysis, the authors use police data from the Corona Crime Change Monitor for twelve ‘corona months’ (mid-March 2020-mid-March 2021) and compare the development of crime in that period with the development in the same period a year earlier.

Op 26 november 2019 promoveerde Oda Essens aan de Universiteit Utrecht op haar proefschrift getiteld ‘Operationalising Effective Public Enforcement of Environmental Law in the European Union, with a focus on England, Germany and the Netherlands’. In haar proefschrift heeft zij een model voor effectieve handhaving op maat ontworpen. Dit model bevat eisen aan de handhavingsorganisatie (institutionele eisen) en eisen aan de sancties (instrumentele eisen), zoals vastgelegd in wet- en regelgeving voor de publiekrechtelijke handhaving van het omgevingsrecht. Vervolgens heeft zij dat model toegepast op de publiekrechtelijke handhavingsorganisatie en sancties voor het omgevingsrecht in Nederland, Engeland en Duitsland. De toepassing heeft geleid tot good practices voor een ‘effectieve handhaving op maat’ in de drie landen en vanuit die good practices heeft zij aanbevelingen gedaan voor verbetering van de handhavingsorganisatie en de beschikbare sancties in de drie landen onderling. In dit artikel zet zij haar model voor effectieve handhaving op maat uiteen en belicht zij enkele belangrijke uitkomsten van de toetsing van de Nederlandse organisatie en sancties voor de publiekrechtelijke handhaving van het omgevingsrecht.

Article 273f, paragraph 1, subparagraph 3, of the Dutch Penal Code criminalizes, as trafficking in human beings, the act of recruiting, removing or abducting another person with the intention of inducing this person to make himself available, in another country, for the performance of sexual acts with or for a third party for remuneration. This provision, deriving from an international convention established in 1933, has always been a bit of an oddity in the Dutch penal provision on trafficking in human beings since it is not necessary to prove that the prostitute involved was lured or otherwise forced into prostitution and prostitution is legalized in the Netherlands. The Supreme Court of the Netherlands ruled in a landmark case in 2016, that the act criminalized in subparagraph 3 can only be punishable in situations where it can be said that the recruiting, removing or abduction of the prostitute occurred under circumstances that can be qualified as exploitation. This contribution sheds light on the historical backgrounds of this remarkable penal provision, its particularities and the recent case law of the Supreme Court. It demonstrates that the development of this provision and the discussion it sparks, embody the more general quest, in criminal law, to strike a balance between protecting individual liberty on the one side and protecting vulnerable persons on the other.

Prisoners often encounter multiple barriers when returning to society, resulting in higher risks of recidivism. To overcome these barriers, prison-based and community-based professionals assist with preparation for release. Prison-based professionals, such as the case manager and mentor, screen and monitor the problems regarding work and income, housing, healthcare, financial debts and valid identification. Community-based professionals, such as municipal officials, parole officers, healthcare professionals and volunteers, can provide additional and specialized help. First, this research discusses the current policy of the Dutch Custodial Institutions Agency (DJI) and the role of different types of professionals. Second, it presents a nationwide picture of the extent to which prisoners report contact with prison-based and community-based professionals, and to what degree prisoners appreciate this contact. The results are specified for various types of regimes and time served and are based on 4308 prisoner surveys of the Dutch Prison Visitation Study (DPVS), part of the Life in Custody Study (LIC-study). It turns out that most prisoners seem to be in close contact with prison-based professionals and that prisoners positively value this contact. However, contact with community-based professionals is limited and prisoners are somewhat dissatisfied about their contact with parole officers and municipal officials. Furthermore, the amount of contact differs across various types of regimes and time served. In particular, individuals who recently entered prison report less contact. To conclude, policy implications will be discussed.

A forensic mental health report is requested in about 30% of more serious cases presented to the criminal court. These reports can be used at sentencing and advise the judge on criminal responsibility, recidivism risk, and possible treatment measures, but is not a formal factor in decisions about guilt. The current study focuses on the (unwarranted) effect of forensic mental health information on conviction decisions. Using an experimental vignette study among 155 criminology students, results show that when a mental disorder is present, conviction rates are higher than when such information is absent. In line with the story model of judicial decision-making, additional analyses showed that this effect was mediated by the evaluation of guilt rather than by the evaluation of other physical evidence. Implications for further research and practice are discussed.

In deze bijdrage wordt ingegaan op de huidige positie van het slachtoffer gedurende het strafproces. Daarbij wordt beschreven welke zorg er voor het slachtoffer is en welke hiaten er zijn in de uitvoering hiervan en in de maatregelen zelf. Ten slotte wordt een korte vooruitblik gedaan naar de betekenis van het wetsvoorstel uitbreiding slachtofferrechten voor de zorg op het slachtoffer.