Political parties in the Netherlands have been calling for a ban on Hizb ut-Tahrir for years. But what do we actually know about this movement, its supporters and how they relate to Dutch society? This article is one of the first attempts to paint a more complete picture. It shows that the movement and its supporters adhere strictly to the course of the (re) establishment of the caliphate that was mapped out by founder Taqiuddin al-Nabhani in the 1950s. However, the assumption that the movement would advocate or encourage the use of violence requires nuance. These insights are not ‘static’ or ‘comprehensive’ and should be seen as a contribution to the discussion of the nature of the movement. The question of how the course – ideas and activities – of Hizb ut-Tahrir relates to democratic society will be addressed in a subsequent article.

In dit artikel wordt een overzicht gegeven van de overwegingen die ten grondslag liggen aan de marktafbakening bij de productie van eigen merk (branded), co-packing (merk van een derde) en private label (huismerk). Hierbij zullen zaken en kernoverwegingen uit de beschikkingspraktijk van de Europese Commissie, de ACM en de Britse mededingingsautoriteit CMA worden besproken. Het artikel spitst zicht toe op overwegingen voor het upstream (productie)niveau aan de hand van beschikkingen inzake, met name, levensmiddelen.

De aandeelhouders van NAM zijn in beginsel niet aansprakelijk voor de verplichtingen van NAM in verband met aardbevingsschade. De bijzondere situatie in Groningen is aanleiding geweest voor de aandeelhouders om dat uitgangspunt vrijwillig te doorbreken. In deze bijdrage staat de aansprakelijkheidspositie van de aandeelhouders die daarvan het gevolg is centraal.

De redactie blikt terug met vertrekkend redactielid en oud-directeur van het PIV, Theo Kremer, op zijn loopbaan in de letselschadewereld en zijn drijfveren in het werk. Kremer wordt gevraagd naar de verbeteringen die zich gedurende zijn werkzame leven in de letselschadepraktijk hebben voorgedaan en zijn wensen voor de toekomst van de branche. Kremer benoemt diverse mogelijkheden om de afwikkeling van claims te bekorten: invoering van de directe verzekering, normering en de geschillenanalyse.

De Ondernemingskamer heeft in het eindarrest inzake de uitkoopprocedure Gemalto bepaald dat zij exclusieve internationale rechtsmacht heeft bij uitkoopprocedures naar Nederlands recht op grond van artikel 24 lid 2 EEX-Vo (herschikking). Verder wordt verduidelijkt dat als er bewilligde certificaten zijn uitgegeven een uitkoper alleen de aandeelhouder die de certificaten heeft uitgegeven, hoeft te dagvaarden en de uitkoopvordering niet (ook) tegen de certificaathouders hoeft in te stellen.

Op 12 juli 2018 heeft het Gerecht een beroep van Goldman Sachs tegen een boetebesluit van de Commissie verworpen. Dit arrest maakt (nogmaals) duidelijk dat private equity-investeerders een reële kans lopen om aansprakelijk te worden gesteld voor kartelgedrag van hun portfolio-ondernemingen. De toets die de Commissie en het Gerecht uitvoeren, komt er in essentie op neer dat volstaat dat de moederonderneming zeggenschap heeft in de zin van het concentratietoezicht en dat er bewijs is dat zij die zeggenschap aantoonbaar heeft uitgeoefend. Veel investeerders zullen aan die beide criteria voldoen en bevinden zich dus in de gevarenzone.

In this contribution is explained what the researchers have learned from developing a course for professionals regarding recognizing signs of radicalization among youngsters. Giving this training has given us insight into the knowledge and expertise that professionals possess. The participants in our training were all enthusiastic and competent professionals. The will to support these young people and their families is great. But we have also encountered some bottlenecks: there is not sufficient time to maintain contacts with informal networks and next to that we have noticed that professionals are often insecure, meaning that they don’t know how to handle a case and/or who to contact for further advice or another form of help in dealing with these cases. As a consequence professionals might feel isolated and left behind within the institutions that they are working in. For the future we would like to see that this problem of what in The Netherlands is referred to as ‘professional loneliness’ is addressed.

Fermentation production processes for biofuel lead to sustainable energy, but the fermenters can also be used to dispose illegal wastes. Although it’s known that the fermentation business is susceptible for illegal behavior, so far little empirical research is carried out about the modus operandi and criminogenic factors. In this study a crime script analysis (CSA) is conducted to map the criminal process. This analysis shows that the true nature of the illegal waste is concealed by trading without or with falsified (transport) documents and illegal blending. Legal traders operate illegal and form the crucial connection between disposers and end receivers. Criminogenic factors, such as complexity of regulation and inspection, European policy differences and the lack of profitability of the fermenters, make the branch vulnerable for criminal behavior. Intervention options are formulated per phase of the criminal process and aim at prevention or increasing the chance being caught.

De afgelopen tijd berichtten de media uitgebreid over het feit dat Shell haar 403-verklaring ten aanzien van groepsmaatschappij NAM had ingetrokken. In deze column onderzoekt de auteur de (mogelijke) motieven van Shell om deze verklaring in te trekken, en wat dit betekent voor de positie van Shell met betrekking tot de aardbevingsschade in Groningen.

Since it has become apparent that so many Western women have travelled to Syria and Iraq to join Islamic State, there is a relentless stream of publications dealing with the motivations of these women to join the terrorist organization. Most of these publications, based on ‘open sources’, are focusing on the motives spread by the women via social media. These social media reports, however, only provide a distorted view of the women’s motives. This article is based upon ethnographic research focusing on 28 Belgian and Dutch families, whose daughters have left for Syria to join the armed struggle.
Although the existing literature shows that the feelings of exclusion in Western societies by Muslim women is seen as an important motive for their departure to Syria, the conversations with the families rarely supported this. Moreover, religion and ideology have played a minor role in the departure of their daughters from the perspective of the families, compared to what literature suggests. According to the families the departure of their daughters was mainly driven by romantic motives and the problems they were dealing with in their daily lives.

In this study the authors examined a criminal youth gang of 35 persons in the Netherlands, using social network analysis, to answer the following questions. To what extent is it possible by means of police records to estimate the size of the complete social network of this criminal youth gang? To what extent are members of this original group part of the core of the complete network? To what extent have members of the original group a central position in the complete network (key players) and are, as such, responsible for holding the complete network together? Information is derived from police records. Results show that the size of the total network of this criminal youth gang consists of 593 individuals with a core of around hundred persons. Seven persons were identified as key players, among which six persons belonged to the original group. The social network approach in this study provides police and justice important indications for a more tailored approach regarding individuals within criminal networks.

The main goal of an interrogation is to elicit truthful information about the involvement of a suspect or witness in a criminal act. Some interrogation methods and techniques are useful for extracting information from otherwise unwilling suspects, but they can also elicit false confessions or statements from innocent (and vulnerable) suspects and witnesses. Multiple studies show that a large proportion of false confessions are made by suspects with an intellectual disability. Intellectual disabilities are often difficult to recognize, because of an individual’s streetwise behavior. This vulnerable group is extremely sensitive to suggestibility, compliance and acquiescence. Some interrogation methods and techniques used by the police can have a severe influence on these features and therefore on the reliability of statements. Given the overrepresentation of people with an intellectual disability in the Dutch criminal justice system, it is of great importance to prevent unwanted risks in the interrogation.

In the past few years, about three hundred Dutch Muslims travelled to Syria and Iraq to join the violent jihad. This article explores the phenomenon by looking into the individual characteristics and processes of these Dutch jihadis. It presents the findings of a study of the life stories of twelve of them, showing the diversity of the group. It also looks into types of jihadists and their roles in the jihadist scene using categories provided by Maher and Bjørgo. The article arrives at the somewhat unsatisfactory conclusion that there is no standard Dutch jihadist and that we need to study more individual cases and better understand what is going on within the jihadist scene in order to be able to stop people from following the path towards the violent jihad.

IS propaganda is assumed to contribute to radicalization of Western Muslims. How IS propaganda reaches the hearts and minds of Western Muslims and consequently fuels radicalization is nonetheless an understudied topic. Through content analysis of all fifteen issues of IS-glossy Dabiq this article demonstrates how IS propaganda works in Dabiq. First, IS attunes in Dabiq to factors that foster radicalization according to the literature. IS does so by its discussion in Dabiq of injustice done to Muslims worldwide, the image of the Western enemy, and its positive presentation of the individual and group identity of IS fighters. Second, in Dabiq IS paves the way for embracing violent means, such as terrorist attacks on Western civilians through a discourse of ‘denial’.

Met het arrest van de Hoge Raad van 24 juni 2016, ECLI:NL:HR:2016:1309, kwam voor Vitesse c.s. een teleurstellend einde aan een zes instanties omspannende rechtsstrijd met de provincie Gelderland. Deze bijdrage gaat daarop in en op het verschil tussen het onrechtmatig wekken van verwachtingen en het onrechtmatig beschamen ervan en hoe dat uitwerkt op de omvang van de schadevergoedingsverplichting (positief versus negatief belang).

Last year the article ‘Episodic memory and interviewing witnesses. What do police interviewers know about this topic?’ (Odinot, Boon & Wolters, 2015, TvC, 57(3), 279-299) was published in this journal. The article describes a study that explored the knowledge of police interviewers about episodic memory. The researchers concluded that police interviewers had insufficient knowledge of episodic memory and that this was related to the lack of psychological terms in the manual of the curriculum of police training. In this article we describe the lack of scientific consensus about episodic memory and the consequences of this for doing research with lists with theses about this subject. Differences between interviewing witnesses and suspects will be discussed. We also question whether it is necessary that police interviewers have thorough knowledge of episodic memory. More important is what knowledge does police need when doing interviews and how are these conducted? Some factors have a negative impact on the quality of those interviews, so we end up with some recommendations for improving the quality of interviews in police practice.

In order to understand why people can turn to violence to achieve political or societal changes, it is important to examine factors that can trigger a process of radicalization. In this article the authors outline such a model of trigger factors. In this model they specify trigger factors at the micro level (individual level), meso level (group level), and macro level (societal level). In addition, the authors argue that it is important to take into account personal characteristics, such as age, gender, and the type of motivation, behind a radicalization process. With respect to these types of motivation, the authors distinguish between sensation seekers, justice seekers, identity seekers, and meaning seekers. This model enables to discern triggers in the radicalization process of specific people in specific contexts.