Dit artikel betreft een beschrijving van de civielrechtelijke regeling van de betalingstransactie in titel 7B van Boek 7 BW zoals deze regeling sinds de inwerkingtreding van de Implementatiewet PSD2 in februari 2019 luidt. Centraal staat de verhouding tussen de bij een betalingstransactie betrokken betaaldienstverleners en met name die tussen een rekeninghoudende betaaldienstverlener en een betaalinitiatiedienstverlener.

Violence in the name of honour has an ancient ring to it. But honour codes tend to be very flexible: cyber-space has given a new dimension to honour-related violence. Images and messages that are perceived as violations of honour also pass through social media. Unfortunately these stings on the good name of the family are quite difficult to remove. In this contribution is explained how violations of honour occur on the internet. Next to that will be described how currently in the Netherlands criminal law especially regarding vice is being adapted in order to deal with phenomena like sexting and sextortion. What are the consequences of these changes for dealing with modern forms of the violation of family honour?

Met de aankoop van aandelen in Air France-KLM hoopt de Nederlandse Staat de internationale bereikbaarheid van Nederland beter te borgen. Deze bijdrage bespreekt in hoeverre deze aankoop de positie van de Staat versterkt en hoe het huidige deelnemingenbeleid aldus verruimd lijkt te worden met ruimte voor nieuwe overheidsdeelnemingen.

The article examines and explains the relation of current Eastern Orthodox Theology to the concept of Human Rights. Putting the controversies into a larger historical and theological context, it seeks to highlight the conditions of a variety of Orthodox theological positions. Such positions, with their common features and strong differences, concern issues such as church and state, universalism or theological anthropology and human dignity. Considerations end with arguing, that much of the treasures of the Orthodox tradition still needs to be unearthed – to the benefit of Human Rights, and of all participants in current debates worldwide.

In oktober 2018 heeft het Hof van Justitie van de Europese Unie (hierna: HvJ) duidelijk gemaakt in welke lidstaat partijen een vraagstuk over de actio pauliana aan een rechter kunnen voorleggen. In eerdere arresten gaf het HvJ vooral aan wat niet mogelijk was. Volgens het HvJ volgt de bevoegdheid van een rechter mede uit de contractuele relatie tussen schuldeiser en schuldenaar. Dit betekent dat de schuldeiser veelal in de eigen lidstaat naar de rechter kan stappen. De schuldeiser heeft de mogelijkheid van forum shopping. Het HvJ zegt niets over het toepasselijke recht. Aannemelijk is dat het recht dat de actio pauliana beheerst, wordt bepaald door het recht dat op de benadelende rechtshandeling van toepassing is.

Exile and migration are once more central issues in the contemporary European predicament. This short article intends to discuss these questions elaborating on the ideas of two Spanish authors, a novelist, Max Aub, and a philosopher, María Zambrano, both marked by the tragic events of civil war and forced expatriation. Exile and migration in their existential perspective are meant as a prologue to the vindication of citizenship.

Medio 2018 deed het Engelse Supreme Court een belangrijke uitspraak over de afdwingbaarheid van een no oral modification clause. In dit artikel wordt deze uitspraak besproken en geconfronteerd met het Nederlandse recht op dit punt.

Het bijzondere procedureverloop leidend tot Autoster/Hendriks II geeft aanleiding tot een nadere beschouwing van de scheidslijn tussen de hoofd- en schadestaatprocedure in zaken over de 7:611-verzekeringsplicht. Geconcludeerd wordt dat in de hoofdprocedure niet alleen de aansprakelijkheidsgrond, maar steeds ook ten minste een deel van de causaliteit zou moeten worden beoordeeld.

Al meer dan twintig jaar is het Poot/ABP-arrest het standaardarrest op het gebied van afgeleide schade. Op 29 september en 12 oktober 2018 wees de Hoge Raad twee arresten, het Potplantenkwekerij-arrest en het Licorne Holding-arrest, die op het eerste gezicht niet te rijmen zijn met het Poot/ABP-arrest. Dit artikel geeft antwoord op de volgende vraag. Is hier sprake van een trendbreuk of kunnen deze arresten bij hantering van het juiste afgeleide-schadebegrip gebracht worden onder de categorieën gevallen waarvan Kroeze al in zijn dissertatie uit 2004 aangaf dat daarbij schade die (aanvankelijk) op afgeleide wijze is geleden, rechtstreeks aan de aandeelhouder kan worden vergoed?

In the 19th century in many Western states, the close relationship between Church and State came to an end and the Roman Catholic Church developed into a major and active player on social and educational level in society separate from the State.
This was due, on the one hand, to the constitutional changes in the Western states from the end of the 18th century, which led to the gradual introduction of the formal principle of separation of Church and State. On the other hand, it was a result of the search for a new position of the Roman Catholic Church in society that also influenced the theological reflection of the Church on society.
The ecclesiastical reflection on the ideal relationship between Church and State took shape in the course of this process in the Ius Publicum Ecclesiasticum. The ecclesiastical view on the relationship between believers/citizens, society and State simultaneously took shape in Catholic social doctrine, which today still offers a model for modern society. In Catholic social doctrine, the believer/citizen is the connecting element between Church and State in a secular society. The ‘state doctrine’ of the Catholic Church is presented in Catholic social doctrine as an ideal image of the democratic constitutional state in which man is central and forms the central link between Church, society and secular State.

In his contribution to this special issue, David Luban proposes to revive the age-old concept of ‘the enemy of all humanity.’ On his view, this concept supports the aims of international criminal justice by emphasizing that atrocity and persecution crimes are ‘radically evil’ and therefore ‘everyone’s business.’ Criticizing Luban’s proposal, this paper shows that in the past, the ‘enemy of all humanity’ concept has often served to establish parallel systems of justice, depriving these ‘enemies’ of their rights as suspects under criminal law and as lawful combatants under the laws of war. Thus, even if the ‘enemy of all humanity’ concept is used with the intention to bring today’s perpetrators of ‘radical evil’ to justice, it risks undermining, rather than protecting, the rule of law.

Trationally, the term “enemy of all humanity” (hostis generis humani) referred to pirates. In contemporary international criminal law, it refers to perpetrators of crimes against humanity and other core. This essay traces the evolution of the concept, and then offers an analysis that ties it more closely to ancient tyrants than to pirates. Some object that the label is dehumanizing, and justifies arbitrary killing of the “enemy of humanity.” The essay admits the danger, but defends the concept if it is restricted to fair trials. Rather than dehumanizing its target, calling the hostis generis humani to account in a court of law is a way of recognizing that radical evil can be committed by humans no different from any of us.

This article discusses how the law has approached disparate socio-technological innovations over the centuries. Precisely, the primary concern of this paper is to investigate the timing of regulatory intervention. To do so, the article makes a selection of particular innovations connected with money, windmills and data storage devices, and analyses them from a historical perspective. The individual insights from the selected innovations should yield a more systematic view on regulation and technological innovations. The result is that technological changes may be less momentous, from a regulatory standpoint, than social changes.

Welke rechter is bevoegd geschillen in een rechtspersoon te beslechten? Deze academisch ingestoken bijdrage bespreekt de arresten E.ON Czech/Dêdouch en Inversiones/Cancun II. Auteur bepleit een ruime uitleg van de exclusieve bevoegdheid van artikel 24 sub 2 EEX, zodanig dat een forum societatis in het verschiet ligt.

De Algemene Verordening Gegevensbescherming bevat voor werkgevers strengere regels voor rechtmatige verwerking van werknemersgegevens; en voor werknemers meer waarborgen omtrent de bescherming van hun persoonsgegevens.
Leidt de AVG – naast meer verantwoording en transparantie ten aanzien van verwerking van werknemersgegevens in het kader van de arbeidsverhouding – tot nieuwe inzichten voor de bescherming van persoonsgegevens van werknemers bij ontslag?
De auteur zet de huidige stand van de rechtspraak af tegen de strengere normen uit de AVG. Zij concludeert dat hoewel de materiële uitgangspunten voor de bescherming van persoonsgegevens onder de AVG grotendeels hetzelfde blijven, processuele vereisten uit de AVG nog moeten worden ingekleurd door het arbeidsrechtelijke normenkader van goed werkgever- en werknemerschap, de instructiebevoegdheid van de werkgever en de processuele regels omtrent ontbinding door de kantonrechter.

The first national research into church formation among Roman Catholic migrants in the Netherlands dates from the year 2006. Since then many changes took place within these communities. However, there is not a single institution that collects their addresses and data. Policymakers, scholars or journalists do not have access to recent information. Based on questions about their development and composition, this article updates information about these church communities and places them in a broader historical context. One of the most significant findings in this article concerns the stability of their regular parishioners, that contrasts with the national trend in Roman Catholic Church, which is constantly dealing with a declining amount of members.

Politics and law are not in essence about knowledge, good sense and learning, but about wisdom. Good legislation requires wisdom and the wise judge is also the ideal when it comes to good adjudication. But what is wisdom actually and who is the sage? To answer these questions, this article departs from the views of the Stoa (of Seneca especially) which has been of fundamental significance for the development of law and which still continues to influence it. It shows how the philosophical views of the Stoics included an objective view of law and cultivated a subjective impassibility and apathy that were associated with steadfastness or constancy. Stoic wisdom was (and still is): virtuous obedience to the objective laws of nature. In modern Stoics like Spinoza and Justus Lipsius we find these same elements. But in modern times Stoicism is wrapped in the veil of a Christian vision of life, which (as such) serves as a seductive legitimation of its principles. In this guise Stoicism has been of enormous significance in the history of Christianity. However, their historical relationship is based on a major misunderstanding. In fact, Stoicism is Christianity’s most extreme alternative, as Erasmus already pointed out. For the Stoic sage a theoretical and practical wisdom applies that is not (in any way) in accordance with the courageous foolishness of Christianity. It is through the prism of this foolishness that we come to appreciate that the eternal Stoic attitude is odious when it comes to law and politics. Stoicism is a recurring crisis phenomenon: a cultural sickness, for which the wisdom of Christianity still offers a very effective medicine.