Synthetic drug waste dumpings are a growing concern in the Netherlands, particularly in the southern region. During the production process of ecstasy (MDMA) and speed (amphetamine), large quantities of chemical residue are released, that the illegal manufacturers need to get rid of. According to police statistics the chemical waste is mostly dumped in barrels in rural areas, and recovered as such by authorities. However, an unknown quantity of synthetic drug waste is also directly being discharged into sewer, soil or natural surface waters. The phenomenon embodies environmental crime as well as organized crime. From the viewpoint of environmental crime, both ecological and social harm are evident. The article also illustrates the operations of serious organized crime groups behind the scenes. |
Zoekresultaat: 31 artikelen
De zoekresultaten worden gefilterd op:Tijdschrift Justitiële verkenningen x
Redactioneel |
Inleiding |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 5 2019 |
Auteurs | Dr. Robby Roks en Mr.drs. Marit Scheepmaker |
Auteursinformatie |
Artikel |
Drugsafval in Brabant |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 2 2017 |
Trefwoorden | synthetic drug waste, synthetic drugs, organized crime, environmental crime, criminal networks |
Auteurs | Drs. Y.M.M. Schoenmakers en S.L. Mehlbaum MSc |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Artikel |
Liefde met hindernissenOver ongewenste relaties in het verleden |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 4 2015 |
Trefwoorden | marriage, partner choice, incest, homosexuality, cohabitation |
Auteurs | Prof. dr. J. Kok |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
This articles offers an overview of four centuries of ‘forbidden relations’ in The Netherlands. From the late sixteenth century onwards, the dominant Calvinist church tried to ‘purify’ the Dutch nation by persecuting all forms of fornication, adultery, incest, and sodomy. The French period (1795-1813) separated church and state, and removed several forms of forbidden relations from the penal code. But social control on relations remained intense. An ‘ideal’ marriage was based on equality of the spouses in terms of social background, religion and age. Parents as well as the local community made sure young people made the ‘right’ choice. Competition between religious groups intensified in the late nineteenth century and mixed marriages became even more problematic. In the 1960s and 1970s all this began to change, and many rules and norms regarding partner choice were relaxed. An example of the changes over time are unmarried cohabitations which transformed from a crime (sanctioned by banishment) to deviant behaviour (sanctions through withholding poor relief) to a more or less normative ‘trial marriage’. |
Artikel |
Durven we de vrijheid nog wel aan?De bijdrage van een religieus mensbeeld aan het strafrecht |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 5 2015 |
Trefwoorden | secular state, civil society, harm principle, responsibility, moral weakness, forgiveness, image of God |
Auteurs | T.W.A. de Wit |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
The modern secular democratic state rests on a new portrayal of man and a new status of religions and other comprehensive doctrines compared to the period before the sixteenth and seventeenth century. In this new view of man, as incarnated in the modern rule of law, other persons and communities are no longer seen as a condition for personal aspirations and development, but rather as a limit. This is expressed in the ‘harm principle’ of the French Revolution and John Stuart Mill. Freedom is at the center of this new constellation, so the homogeneity of the state must be generated from below, by a free civil society and also by religious organizations and traditions. Three problematic developments since the nineteenth century make the Christian view of man as free, responsible and undefinable ‘image of God’ relevant: the zoological, ‘scientific’ description of man that reduces man to a risk factor and an object of security management; the disappearance of ‘innocent’ disasters and calamities that increases human responsibility and the temptation to blame ‘others’ for our faults; and the growing gap between a legal and a moral public response to criminal acts that opens the need for forgiveness. |
Artikel |
Is de mens voor een biocriminoloog per definitie onvrij? |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 5 2015 |
Trefwoorden | biocriminology, autonomy, plasticity, integration of neurosciences, psychology and social data, conscious and unconscious processes |
Auteurs | L.J.M. Cornet en C.H. de Kogel |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Does biocriminology by definition corrode the image of human beings as ‘free’ in the sense of being autonomous and responsible? This article focuses on modern biocriminological research and discusses important aspects in which current biocriminological insights differ from historical perspectives on biology and criminal behaviour. Three aspects are discussed: plasticity, integration and conscious/unconscious processes. Illustrating their case with empirical research examples the authors argue that modern biocriminological research does not consider human beings as ‘unfree’. Instead, research shows that biological characteristics are subject to change and that biological insights are complementary to more traditional psychological and sociological perspectives. Finally, the authors argue that recognizing the biological influences on human behaviour should not be viewed as a threat to autonomy, but instead should be considered as an enrichment of our understanding of human behaviour, and may therefore even increase autonomy. |
Artikel |
Over mens- en wereldbeelden en hun bijbehorende misdaadrecht |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 5 2015 |
Trefwoorden | worldview, view of man, (pre-/trans-)modernity, science and religion, restorative justice |
Auteurs | J.A.A.C. Claessen |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Criminal law is embedded in a specific view of man and the world. This thesis implies that a change of the view of man and the world leads necessarily to a change of criminal law. Since our view of man and the world is constantly changing, the same applies for our law governing wrongful conduct. In this article is described how our view of man and the world has changed through the ages (during pre-modernity and modernity) and what changes have occurred under the influence thereof. Given the limited size of this article, a macro-perspective is utilized. At the end of the article, the author advocates a new (trans-modern) view of man and the world and a new corresponding law governing wrongful conduct. |
Artikel |
40 jaar JV! |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 6 2014 |
Auteurs | Bert Berghuis, Marit Scheepmaker, Ben Rovers e.a. |
Artikel |
Hoe Europa zijn zigeuners uitvondOver een schaduwzijde van de moderniteit |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 5 2014 |
Trefwoorden | European culture, history of gypsies, modernity, images of gypsies, European literature |
Auteurs | Prof. dr. K.M. Bogdal |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Europe is commonly depicted as the cradle of modernity. But this image usually has a blind eye for marginal communities and cultures existing seemingly apart of the big developments. An example of this is the neglect of the Roma people who settled here early, on the threshold of the Middle Ages and the modern era. The attitude of the European people towards this mobile ethnic group can be described as moving between contempt and fascination. Referring to images of gypsies in literature and other cultural expressions the author shows how during the Romantic era the gypsies were serving as a projection object for desires and fantasies about socially deviant lifestyles. The subsequent process of ‘de-Europeanization’ together with the creation of exotic images through ethnology is described as well as the racial theories and their political consequences for the Roma people in the twentieth century. Instead of contributing to the creation of borderlines and fuelling destruction fantasies, art and sciences should give more attention to the undividedness of humankind and to human dignity. |
Artikel |
De bestrijding van voedselfraude in Nederland |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 2 2014 |
Trefwoorden | NVWA-IOD, food fraud, food industry, food laundering, criminal cases |
Auteurs | K.E. Gussow en L.H. Kuiper |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Food fraud has recently been recognized as a blind spot among regulators. In Europe, few organizations have experience with large cases of food fraud; also scientific knowledge into this type of crime is limited. This article aims to contribute experience to this gap. The NVWA-IOD is a specialist crime unit in the Netherlands, carrying out criminal investigations into, among other things, food fraud. This article gives insight into numbers of cases dealt with by the NVWA-IOD in the past fifteen years, for different types of food fraud. Nine criminal cases, concentrating on suspects within trade and industry, are analyzed in more detail from a basic criminological perspective. There is looked into, among other things, the motive, the opportunity and the product. The cases discussed relate to products such as meat, eggs, fish and dairy products. The main motive for committing food fraud is making money; the gain makes fraudulent activities attractive and financially beneficial. Opportunities refer mainly to ambiguous laws and regulations and little supervision. Also, evasive behavior was found. To combat food crime, specialist knowledge of tempting opportunities is essential. |
Artikel |
Kwetsbaarheid voor voedselfraude in de vleessector |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 2 2014 |
Trefwoorden | food fraud, meat sector, melamine scandal, adulterants, food analysing techniques |
Auteurs | S. van Ruth en W. Huisman |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Food fraud is as old as mankind but has advanced in the last decades. Fraud regarding the gross composition of food has progressed in the direction of the addition of unconventional adulterants. Furthermore, consumers are more and more interested in how and where their foods are produced and pay price premiums for organic foods, fair trade, animal welfare considering, and sustainable food products. Since these products are very similar to their conventional counterparts in terms of composition, they provide an additional challenge. The knowledge regarding occurrence, type of meat fraud, causes and damage caused to the sector is limited. There is a need for extensive identification of the vulnerabilities and criminogenic factors. These insights offer leads for detection and prevention. The article deals with a first step into the inventory of these vulnerabilities and factors affecting meat fraud, by assessing fraud risks related to products, companies and the meat supply chain. |
Artikel |
Data en interpretaties in de cognitieve neurowetenschap |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 1 2013 |
Trefwoorden | cognitive neuroscience, criminal law, single cell recording, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, interpretation of neuroscientific data |
Auteurs | W.F.G. Haselager, F. Leoné en D.A.G. van Toor |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Research in cognitive neuroscience may have significant implications for law. In order to assess such implications properly, a basic knowledge of the complexities involved in the acquisition and interpretation of brain data could be helpful. In this paper the authors will discuss some of the issues involved in two basic techniques of cognitive neuroscience: single cell recordings and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The authors aim to improve the reader’s understanding of the kind of assumptions and inferences that help to bridge the gap between data and interpretation. |
Artikel |
Ontbossing en criminologie |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 2 2012 |
Auteurs | T. Boekhout van Solinge |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Illegal deforestation is generally not considered as a criminological subject but in this article it is argued that it can easily be considered as such. The central question that is addressed here is how the theme of deforestation, which clearly fits into the new realm of green criminology, relates to more traditional criminological concepts. This question is discussed through various case studies: the Brazilian Amazon (mainly Brazil), Central Africa (mainly the Democratic Republic of Congo), South East Asia (mainly Indonesia), Russian Siberia, and Pakistan's Swat forests. The case studies show that there are actually many victims of deforestation, both human and non-human, and that deforestation is linked to a variety of other crimes and harms as well. It is concluded that even without taking a green criminological perspective, several concepts of criminology apply to illegal deforestation practices: governmental and state crimes, corporate crimes, and various types of organized crime. |
Artikel |
Over mensen en andere dieren in de criminologie |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 2 2012 |
Auteurs | J. Janssen |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Criminology usually focuses on the human experience. The relatively few criminological publications that do pay attention to animals, are very often written from an anthropocentric perspective in which animals are portrayed as passive objects and in terms of their usefulness to humans. Is this a satisfactory situation? Some criminologists would answer this question with a sincere ‘no’. |
Artikel |
De illegale handel in beschermde diersoorten |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 2 2012 |
Auteurs | D.P. van Uhm |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Many species are threatened with extinction today. Certain animal species are becoming scarce and thus more valuable. Illegally traded animals and animal products are exported by relatively poor countries. These easily provide exporting papers that demonstrate that animals are bred in captivity, when in reality they are caught in the wild. In general illegally traded animals originate from South and Central America, Asia, Eastern Europe and Africa. Europe is a major importer. Since illegal trade in animals is booming business, it is not uncommon for illegal traders in exotic animals to be associated with other forms of organised crime. Due to a relatively low risk of prosecution and high profits to be made, the trade in rare species has become very attractive. |
Artikel |
Digitaal beeldmateriaal: revolutie in de rechtszaal |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 7 2011 |
Auteurs | N.R. Feigenson en Ch.O. Spiesel |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
The variety and importance of visual displays in American courtrooms has exploded. This visual and digital transformation of law practice heralds nothing less than a revolution in the ways that lawyers argue, jurors and judges decide, and the public thinks about the law. This article offers essential background for understanding law's visual and digital transformation. Also the ubiquity of digital technologies is discussed. The authors conclude by outlining the challenges that these features of digital culture pose for the law. |
Artikel |
De semiotische driehoek en het Douwe Egberts-gevoel van Augustus |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 6 2010 |
Auteurs | J. Janssen |
Auteursinformatie |
Redactioneel |
Voorwoord |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 5 2010 |
Auteurs | M. Schuilenburg |
Auteursinformatie |
Boekbespreking |
Boekrecensie |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 7 2009 |
Auteurs | N. Rozemond |
Auteursinformatie |
Artikel |
Dieren als dader? |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 7 2009 |
Auteurs | J. Janssen |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
In Dutch history five cases are known of animals that received the death penalty after ‘committing a crime’. Nowadays it sounds rather strange to present animals as offenders. Does that mean that no contemporary examples can be found of animals being presented as offenders? Before answering that question some outlooks on judicial and criminological ideas are presented on offending by human and other animals. Next the debate on invasive exotic species and the threats to biodiversity, health and other risks, and the discussion about the dangers regarding pit bulls is described in order to illustrate that in this day and age there still seems to be a risky anthropomorphic and anthropocentric tendency to present animals as offenders. |
Titel |
Angst voor de grote boze wolf: Maatschappelijke reacties op seksueel misbruik |
Tijdschrift | Justitiële verkenningen, Aflevering 01 2005 |
Trefwoorden | Seksueel misbruik, Kind, Slachtoffer, Dier, Identiteit, Media, Aansprakelijkheid, Auteur, Gemeente, Getuige |
Auteurs | Bogaerts, S. en Vanheule, S. |