Both major disasters and smaller incidents at chemical companies impact the environment. Seveso regulations aim to limit the impact of the chemical industry on man and the environment. This leads to the expectation that violation of these rules is predictive of incidents. In the current study, incidents at chemical companies are predicted from the company’s history of rule violation, previously reported incidents and corporate characteristics. Analysis of three years of inspection data and of six years of reported incidents, shows that the company’s branch and previous reported incidents predict the occurrence of an incident. The company’s history of rule violation, however, does not. Future research is needed to examine the different possible explanations for these contra intuitive results. |
Zoekresultaat: 150 artikelen
De zoekresultaten worden gefilterd op:Tijdschrift Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid x
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Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 2 2019 |
Trefwoorden | Compliance, Accidents, process safety, predicting, safety indicators |
Auteurs | Ellen Wiering, Arjan Blokland, Marieke Kluin e.a. |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Artikel |
Over een grens: Nederlandse vondelingen uit of naar het buitenland |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 2 2019 |
Trefwoorden | Vondeling, migratie, Nederland, rationelekeuzetheorie, gelegenheidstheorie |
Auteurs | Kerstin van Tiggelen |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Within the group of Dutch foundlings, 28% are migratory foundlings: children coming from abroad to the Netherlands (inbound foundlings), and children going abroad from the Netherlands (outbound foundlings). According to the rational choice theory, there is at some point a rational decision behind human action, based on consideration of costs and benefits – terminology reminiscent of the origins within economic science. When viewed from that perspective, cross-border abandonment may be regarded to be a conscious effort to hinder detection. After all, abandonment of foundlings has been a criminal offence in the Netherlands since at least the Middle Ages. There is therefore also a vested interest in not attracting attention. Anyone abandoning a child and wishing to protect their identity will be attracted to locations that lack effective supervision, defined as guardianship within the criminological routine activities theory. However, the less familiar a location, the trickier it is to avoid visibility. Does the rational consideration of costs and benefits result in migratory foundlings being abandoned just over the border (in order that the perpetrators attract the least possible attention) or actually further inland (in order to detract from the cross-border activity, for example)? Is there a comparable choice in terms of distance when people abandon native foundlings – children found in their country of birth? Relevant questions indeed, as greater insight into such variables can support the direction taken by detection activities. This study is an exploratory analysis of the distance between the domicile or birth location and the abandonment location of cross-border foundlings. The results will then be compared with the distances in the case of domestic foundlings. |
Artikel |
Afketsende of gedeelde verbeeldingswerelden?Kijkervaringen van moslimjongeren en politiestudenten met ISIS-video’s en Hollywoodfictie in Nederland |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 2 2019 |
Trefwoorden | Dutch youth, ISIS videos, Hollywood, Visual skills |
Auteurs | Heidi de Mare, Sigrid Burg, Gawie Keyser e.a. |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Between 2013-2017 there were many ISIS videos circulating. It was generally assumed that these videos would encourage young Muslims to radicalize and join ISIS. But what do we actually know about the imaginary world of young people? Do sociological aspects such as the economic, cultural and religious background play a decisive role in this? Can we use the films and TV series that young people see as an entry into their imaginary world? To what extent can image analysis provide knowledge that contributes to safety issues? Commissioned by the Department of Counterterrorism, Radicalization and Extremism (CTER) of the Dutch National Police, the IVMV Foundation invited, in a comparative pilot study, twenty Dutch youngsters (10 with a Muslim background and 10 police students) to share their viewing experiences with five trailers (3 Hollywood, 1 Netflix, 1 not explicit violent ISIS video) that touched on the ISIS issue. This resulted in a research report and a film (in Dutch as well as in English) that was presented in November 2017 (De Mare et al. 2017a; De Mare 2017b). A remarkable result was that their viewing experiences and feelings showed a lot of similarity. |
Artikel |
De inzet van privaat gewapend maritiem beveiligingspersoneel of Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel (PCASP) aan boord van Belgische en Nederlandse koopvaardijschepenEen rechtsvergelijkende analyse van de wetgeving van Europese vlaggenstaten |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 1 2019 |
Trefwoorden | Maritime piracy, private maritime security company, PMSC, vessel protection detachment, privately contracted armed security personnel |
Auteurs | Ilja Van Hespen |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Until recently, Dutch merchant ships could not rely on privately contracted maritime security staff to protect themselves against pirates. On the one hand, the argument prevailed that the State had to retain the monopoly on the use of force and, on the other hand, one also feared for the escalation of violence or international incidents. Nowadays, however, more and more European countries allow for the use of privately contracted armed security personnel on board merchant ships. As a result, the Dutch Parliament has adopted a bill containing rules for the use of armed private security guards on board Dutch maritime merchant ships (Law to Protect Merchant Shipping 2019 (published in the Dutch official Gazette on June 7th, 2019)). |
Artikel |
Eerder verbindend dan visionairEen analyse van de overwegingen van burgemeesters bij het gebruiken van de handhavende bevoegdheden uit de Wet Damocles |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 1 2019 |
Trefwoorden | home closure, Mayors, political leadership, leadership style, the Netherlands |
Auteurs | Ineke Bastiaans en Niels Karsten |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Several authors fear that the expansion of Dutch mayors’ executive powers in the field of safety and security will harm their position as non-partisan and consensus-oriented leaders. Empirical research into how mayors use their powers, however, is still rare. From a leadership perspective, the current article analyzes how mayors in the region of South East Brabant in Netherlands use their administrative power to close homes involved in drug-related crime. Drawing on Fischer’s framework of discursive practices, we analyze mayors’ considerations in terms of the argumentation they provide for closing homes. Our analysis, which draws on interviews and document analysis, covers 27 cases from the police region of South-East Brabant and includes 120 considerations. Our findings indicate that mayors vindicate home closures mostly through policy-derived technical and situational argumentations. Vindications that aspire a particular societal effect, such as the reduction of criminal activity, or ideological motivations are rarer, which is indicative of a non-decisive leadership style. In addition, mayors mostly respect the local closure policies. As such, they show very little decisive and individualistic leadership. And, to the extent that they deviate from agreed-upon regional policies, their motivation is to be able to take into account unique local circumstances. In the use of their administrative powers mayors, thus, show mostly situational and adaptive leadership, which, rather than as visionaries, positions them as caretakers. The leadership style of Dutch mayor in the use of this administrative power is, thus, much more in accordance with their traditional bridging-and-bonding leadership style than some authors suspect. Some of the limitations of our study are that we have analyzed closure decisions from one region only and that real-life decisions are susceptible to contextual influences. At the same time, our study provides a rare insight into real-world mayoral leadership in the Netherlands in the field of safety and security. |
Artikel |
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Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 1 2019 |
Trefwoorden | Interorganisationele samenwerking, Politie, Gemeenten, bestuurlijke aanpak, overlast en criminaliteit |
Auteurs | Renze Salet |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
In the Netherlands, over the past 25 years mayors have had an increasing number of formal powers, based on administrative law, to fight against crime and disorder. Now, the Dutch mayors have the power to impose a restraining order, to close houses in case of drugs and/or drugs trade, or to decline a request for a permit when it might be used for illegal activities. |
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Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 4 2018 |
Trefwoorden | Historie, Operationeel leider, Bureaupolitiek, Beethovenfout voor samenwerking |
Auteurs | Bernard Groot en Ira Helsloot |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
The operational leader, the ‘gold commander’, fulfils a crucial function in crisis- and disaster management in the Netherlands. He is held responsible for the total coordination of all collaborating emergency services and supports/advises the Mayor, the Commander in Chief. Unfortunately, this function has never been very effective in practise, as shown by many evaluations. From a scientific point of view, it is easy to understand why the operational leader cannot be effective in the Dutch crisis management organisation. The operational leader has no authorities and has been seated in an emergency operation centre far from the Mayor. This article examines why this issue has not been solved, despite 30 years of studying and adjusting the Dutch crisis management organisation. |
Artikel |
De geschatte waarde van het preventieprogramma Brandveilig Leven op basis van de contingente waarderingsmethode (CV – Contingent Valuation) |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 3 2018 |
Trefwoorden | willingness-to-pay, contingent valuation, impact assessment, community fire safety |
Auteurs | David Bornebroek, Ron de Wit, Marc van Buiten e.a. |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
The Dutch Regional Fire Services collectively aim at preventing fire, casualties and damage. The main activity is informing citizens about fire risks and the appropriate measures they can take. From both a political and social perspective, it is valuable to know what the return of the Community Fire Safety program is. One way to chart the return of the program is a comparison of the cost of, and society’s willingness-to-pay for, the program. To estimate this willingness-to-pay, this article applies the contingent valuation method to a national representative sample of 806 Dutch citizens. The results show that willingness-to-pay of an average Dutch household is estimated to be between € 25.00 and € 35.67 per year provided the Community Fire Safety program improves the fire safety by 10%. At the national level, this amounts to 200 – 270 million euro annually. This value is seven to ten times more than the approximate costs of the current Community Fire Safety program. |
Artikel |
De maatschappelijke integratie van de politiePolitieleiders over de actualiteit van een beladen concept |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 3 2018 |
Trefwoorden | politie, maatschappelijke integratie, gebiedsgebonden politie |
Auteurs | Ivo van Duijneveldt |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Since the 1970s social integration of the police has been considered as a key element of the Dutch police. This article focusses on the question of the relevance of social integration of the contemporary police. The article is based on interviews with present and former strategic leaders of the Dutch police. This study shows that social integration is still often considered to be a highly important value for the Dutch police, particularly with regard to the growing polarisation in society. However, some of the police chiefs also express their disapproval of the concept of social integration; in their view the concept reminds us of the past. Also, police chiefs are critical of the value of the concept because of its supposed geographical focus. The paper shows that this criticism can be understood as an interpretation of social integration in terms of ‘neighbourhood policing’ and as an operational police strategy. |
Artikel |
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Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 3 2018 |
Trefwoorden | blame games, crisis, resignation, local authority, mayor |
Auteurs | Sandra L. Resodihardjo, Marloes Meijer en Brendan J. Carroll |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Following a crisis, questions are often raised about how this crisis could have happened and whether someone is to be blamed for the crisis or its bad management. The blame game can become fierce as actors try to avoid, shift or mitigate blame in order to stay in office. In 2014, a festival took place in Haaksbergen where a monster truck drove into the audience, killing three people and injuring many others. Not enough safety measures had been taken to prevent the tragedy. Many actors were to blame for that, including the local authority which had granted the permit. Other actors blamed for the events were the mayor, the monster truck driver, and the organization organizing the festival. In the end, the mayor of Haaksbergen resigned. Instead of becoming more accommodative in his response as his blame levels increased, the mayor continued to be quite defensive, stating that the permit would be granted again – even with today’s knowledge. As one council member stated it, one cannot defend something which cannot be defended. |
Boekbespreking |
How jihadist networks operate. (…) – bespreking van een dissertatie |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 3 2018 |
Auteurs | Marnix Croes |
Auteursinformatie |
Artikel |
Wethouders in de frontlijn: een studie naar de perceptie van en de omgang met persoonlijke bedreigingen |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 3 2018 |
Trefwoorden | threats in politics, coping strategies, undue influence on politics, Q-methodology |
Auteurs | Diana Marijnissen en Emile Kolthoff |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
This contribution reports on a delimited part of a larger, exploratory study, the main question of which was: How do aldermen perceive threats, what are their behavioral intentions and what is the influence of threats on the process and the outcome of decision-making? This question was answered with the help of Q-methodology, semi-structured interviews and case studies. This article discusses the results of the Q-methodology and the semi-structured interviews. The case studies will be reported separately later on. Through the Q-methodology three patterns in perception were found in dealing with threats: ‘combative and decisive’, ‘vulnerable and thoughtful’ and ‘down-to-earth and accepting’. The interviews show that it usually concerns instrumental threats that are deliberately used to influence decision making, which usually take place in the private sphere and vary from verbal aggression to physical violence. Most threats come from individuals, but some come from groups, in some cases there is a relationship with criminals. In the cases reviewed, the consequences in the private sphere are far-reaching, there are indications for the influence on public functioning (from hardening to great caution). There is almost always a report, a fuss in the media can affect the authority of the official. |
Artikel |
Determinanten en motivaties voor intentie tot aangifte na slachtofferschap van cybercrime |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 1-2 2018 |
Trefwoorden | Cybercriminaliteit, Slachtofferschap, Aangiftebereidheid, Politie |
Auteurs | Lisanne Jong, Rutger Leukfeldt en Steve van de Weijer |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
This study focusses on determinants of willingness to report cybercrime to the police or to other organizations and motivations for (not) reporting victimization. In this study, a questionnaire containing vignettes is used. Vignettes are semi-experimental designs in which hypothetical situations are presented and certain factors can be manipulated between and within respondents. Factors that are measured within the vignettes are the type and seriousness of the offence, the relationship between offender and victim and which possibilities for reporting the offence are available. |
Artikel |
De digitale schandpaal: opsporingsberichtgeving in een gedigitaliseerde samenleving |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 1-2 2018 |
Trefwoorden | DIY-policing, online policing, wanted notices, right to privacy, procedural defect |
Auteurs | Gabry Vanderveen en Mojan Samadi |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
In the context of criminal investigations police and prosecution can appeal to the public for information to further their case. This decision cannot be taken lightly and requires a balancing exercise between the rights of the suspect (and other people involved), specifically the right to privacy, the interest of criminal investigations, such as the identification of the suspect or witnesses, and public pressure to fight crime. |
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Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 1-2 2018 |
Trefwoorden | opsporingsbevoegdheden, digitalisering, Politie |
Auteurs | Wouter Stol en Litska Strikwerda |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
The Dutch Police Act provides the police with the legal power to gather information about a person on the internet as long as this does not cause more than ‘a limited violation of privacy’. If the police are gathering more information about a person they need a special legal power laid down in the Dutch Code of Criminal Procedure. The dividing line between ‘a limited violation of privacy’ and ‘more than a limited violation of privacy’ is not always clear. The legislator is preparing a new piece of legislation to provide the police with more clarity. This article discusses the suggested law article with respect to the gathering of information from open sources. Furthermore, this article suggests to not only regulate the amount of information the police are gathering but also the kind of tools that the police use (simple search machine versus an advanced web crawler). |
Redactioneel |
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Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 1-2 2018 |
Auteurs | Wouter Stol, Ben Kokkeler, Emile Kolthoff e.a. |
Auteursinformatie |
Artikel |
Vechter buiten de ring; Narratief en biografie |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 4 2017 |
Trefwoorden | Narratieve criminologie, Vechter, Biografie |
Auteurs | Frank van Gemert |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
The most important mechanism for crime prevention is just the presence of guardians. Some counter arguments against this thesis are discussed and rejected. By manipulating the presence of guardians it is possible to influence the level of prevention. It is argued that a large scale evaluation of such measures is wanted. |
Artikel |
Over preventief guardianship: er zijn is vaak genoeg |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 4 2017 |
Trefwoorden | Guardianship, preventive guardianship, crime prevention, presence of bystanders, Evaluation |
Auteurs | Henk Elffers |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
The most important mechanism for crime prevention is just the presence of guardians. Some counter arguments against this thesis are discussed and rejected. By manipulating the presence of guardians it is possible to influence the level of prevention. It is argued that a large scale evaluation of such measures is wanted. |
Artikel |
Verstoorde veiligheidsbelevingIn gesprek met buurtbewoners over de ‘onveiligheid’ in hun buurt naar aanleiding van gestegen ‘gevoelens van onveiligheid’ |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 4 2017 |
Trefwoorden | fear of crime, qualitative analysis, evidence based policy |
Auteurs | Remco Spithoven |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
The ‘fear of crime’ is a buzzword among citizens, media, politicians and professionals by now. But the phenomenon seems to be as intangible as it is important. The struggle of professionals with this concept is the result of a too wide and self-evident problem definition. This article contains an alternative approach. The focus is on disturbed fear of crime: a negatively changed and problematically experienced fear of crime on the level of the neighborhood. |
Artikel |
Veiligheid en welzijn van Eritreeërs in het geding?Onderzoek naar zorgen rondom veiligheid en welzijn van Eritrese vluchtelingen en asielzoekers in Nederland |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid, Aflevering 2-3 2017 |
Trefwoorden | Veiligheid en welzijn Eritreeërs, Integratie, religie en rituelen, Mensenhandel |
Auteurs | Desiree Horbach en Conny Rijken |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
The rationale behind refugee law is that people who fear persecution in their home country can seek and find a safe haven in another country. The situation in Eritrea with its national service and wide-spread human rights violations is reason why many Eritreans flee their country. A vast number of them want to apply for asylum in European countries. After a risky journey over the African continent where they face risks of kidnappings, trafficking for ransom, and situations of inhuman and degrading treatment, they reach Europe. Some of them continue their journey to the Netherlands. The central question in this article is whether or not their safety and well-being are at stake once they arrive in the Netherlands. Situations of involvement of and intimidation by the Eritrean regime in the Netherlands, diaspora tax that is forcibly collected, involvement of the Orthodox Church and indications of human trafficking have been reported in media and reports, by individuals and organisations. In this article the outcomes of a research on the concerns about the well-being of Eritrean asylum seekers in reception centres among employers of organisations responsible for their safety and well-being are presented and discussed. Data were collected and discussed during four focus group meetings with a total of 33 professionals. The concerns are divided in three groups: 1) Concerns about the capacities and possibilities to integrate in Dutch society, 2) Concerns about religion and rituals, and 3) Concerns about indications of human trafficking. These concerns are further elaborated based on which the conclusion is drawn that more tailored support and assistance is required for successful integration of Eritreans in Dutch society, their empowerment and resilience against threats and challenges in Dutch society. |