For social scientists undertaking critical research on elites in organisational contexts securing access is a challenging exercise that may rely on the use of several access strategies over extended periods. This process is further complicated by the existence of research ethics frameworks that establish boundaries to access strategies, posing dilemmas on how to best balance access needs with a commitment to ethical practices. This article focuses on such dilemmas – or the ‘ethics of access’ – through a reflection on PhD fieldwork during 2016-2017 in Luxembourg spent researching the European Investment Bank. The paper will conclude by calling for an overhaul of existing frameworks in order to foster more research on elites. |
Zoekresultaat: 25 artikelen
De zoekresultaten worden gefilterd op:Tijdschrift Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit x
Discussie |
Johan Derksen: bezig baasje en durfal |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 2 2020 |
Auteurs | Professor Dr. Janine Janssen |
Auteursinformatie |
Artikel |
Researching elites at the margins of research ethics frameworks |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 2 2019 |
Trefwoorden | code of ethics, corporate crime, research ethics, gaining access, interviewing elites |
Auteurs | Daniel Beizsley PhD |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Artikel |
Top-down and out?Reassessing the labelling approach in the light of corporate deviance |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 2 2019 |
Trefwoorden | labelling, corporate crime, moral entrepreneurs, peer group, late modernity |
Auteurs | Anna Merz M.A. |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Multi-national corporations are increasingly facing attention and disapproval by different actors, including authorities, public and (non-) commercial organizations. Digital globalization and especially social media as a low-cost, highly interactive and multidirectional platform shape a unique context for this rising attention. In the literature, much attention has been devoted to top-down approaches and strategies that corporations use to avoid stigmatization and sanctioning of their behaviour. Reactions to corporate harm are, however, seldom researched from a labelling perspective. As a result, corporations are not considered as objects towards whom labelling is targeted but rather as actors who hamper such processes and who, as moral entrepreneurs, influence which behaviour is labelled deviant. Based on theoretical analysis of literature and case studies, this article will discuss how the process of labelling has changed in light of the digitalized, late-modern society and consequently, how the process should be revisited to be applicable for corporate deviance. Given a diversification of moral entrepreneurs and increasingly dependency of labelling and meaning-making on the online sphere, two new forms of labelling are introduced that specifically target institutions; that is bottom-up and horizontal labelling. |
Artikel |
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Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 1 2019 |
Trefwoorden | Norbert Elias, punishment, historical criminology |
Auteurs | Dr. Tom Daems en Prof. dr. René van Swaaningen |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
In this article Tom Daems and René van Swaaningen discuss work and life of the late Dutch historian Pieter Spierenburg. The article is based on an interview the authors conducted with Spierenburg in November 2018 as well as his published work and excerpts of an unpublished biography. The article discusses in particular themes related to his interest in, and contributions to, the history of crime and punishment, in particular Spierenburg’s path-breaking book The Spectacle of Suffering (1984), his relation to Norbert Elias and the Amsterdam School and his critique of Michel Foucault. |
Artikel |
De mooie held geveld |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 2 2018 |
Trefwoorden | heroes, downfall, master status, media |
Auteurs | Prof. dr. Hans Nelen en Dr. Frank van Gemert |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
In the introductory article of this special issue on the downfall of popular heroes, some relevant aspects in relation to the general theme are explored. Who are considered to be heroes and which elements are relevant to understand the process heroes may go through when they start sliding on the slippery slope, and, eventually, fall into the abyss of disgrace? What is the role that (social) media play in the demolition of their reputation and how do heroes perceive their own downfall and respond to it? The theoretical concept that is used in this article is Howard Becker’s master status and, in particular, the notion that the master status of a fallen hero surpasses and contaminates all other statuses, previously possessed by an individual. |
Artikel |
Een wolf onder de wolven. Ethiek en Ethische Commissies in criminologisch onderzoek naar ‘the powerful’ |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 3 2018 |
Trefwoorden | Ethics committees, The powerful, Moral entrepreneurs, Ethics creep, Arms trader |
Auteurs | Dr. Rita Faria en Dr. Yarin Eski |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
For quite some years now, crimes of ‘the powerful’ have been studied by criminologists. While researching crimes of ‘the powerful’, researchers aim to maintain and safeguard their integrity and ethics. However, there seems to be a friction between, on the one hand, ethics of the researchers themselves and on the other hand, ethics (policies) of universities. Obviously, not only do they have to justify their actions and decisions to themselves and ‘science’ as a whole, they must justify their research to ethics committees (EC’s) of universities. It could result in complex and difficult situations when researchers suspect that EC’s themselves may be instruments and products of the powerful groups they are studying. In that case, EC’s might undermine ethics and research integrity themselves. What do certain EC- ‘conditions’ look like for research ethics and to which extent do they have to be adjusted or reconsidered when criminologists are researching ‘the powerful’? The key question that will be answered in this contribution is as follows: how can criminologist (re)act ethically responsibly when confronted with (un)ethical committees? To answer this and other relevant questions, after reviewing literature, we reflect on a biographical study of a legal arms trader. We then elaborate on the ‘ethics creep’ (Haggerty, 2004) that seems to haunt social sciences nowadays. |
Artikel |
Selectieve ‘culturalisering’ in de praktijk van de jeugdbescherming in België |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 3 2017 |
Trefwoorden | youth justice, Roma, Caucasian migrants, refugees, selectivity, deviance |
Auteurs | dr. Olga Petintseva |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
This paper focuses on the practice of youth justice (termed ‘youth protection’ in Belgium) in which professional actors ascribe deviant behaviour of youngsters to different cultural and migration backgrounds. Intra-European Roma migrants and refugees from the Northern Caucasus in Belgium are chosen as case studies. Discourse analysis of 55 youth court files and 41 expert interviews with professional actors show that deviant behaviour of these young people is explained in different manners. Two discourses are identified: ‘criminal vagabonds’ and ‘war torn children’. These discourses and their effects in practice differ tremendously for both groups. The broader discussion this article touches upon is the selective inclusion and exclusion in the institutions of formal social control, through social practices of culturalisation. |
Diversen |
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Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 3 2017 |
Trefwoorden | etnographic research, Violence, Manchester school, going native |
Auteurs | prof. dr. Dina Siegel |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
This is an interview with one of the most important social anthropologists of the 20th century – prof. Emanuel Marx. |
Artikel |
Onrust in de superdiverse mbo-klas |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 1 2017 |
Trefwoorden | ethnography, classroom dynamics, vocational schools, Superdiversity |
Auteurs | Fatima el Bouk MSc, Vita van der Staaij-Los MSc, Tjitske Lovert-Reindersma MSc e.a. |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
In this article we report on an ethnographic research project conducted in 2014-2015 at a school for ‘Assistant in Care and Wellbeing’, a school for secondary vocational training that is part of a large regional education center in the metropolitan area of the Randstad. The main incentive for our research was that some researchers assumed that in this ‘super-diverse’ environment, where students with an immigrant background were a vast majority, many tensions and conflicts were caused by ethnic and religious differences between students. However, after about 100 hours of observations in the classes of fourteen teachers, 36 interviews with teachers and other staff, and focus group discussions with teachers and students, we found that for most students diversity wasn’t a big issue at all. Rather than ethnic or religious differences many irritations and conflicts were triggered by the constantly changing organisational setting and institutional context of the school. In this article, we will corroborate this finding with a detailed analysis of some cases of classroom interaction, and draw conclusions about the usefulness and limits of superdiversity as a heuristic tool. |
Artikel |
Over warmte, gezelligheid en ontspanning: positieve veiligheid in stedelijke uitgaansgebieden |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 3 2016 |
Trefwoorden | positive criminology, experienced safety, assemblage, nightlife areas |
Auteurs | dr. Jelle Brands |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
From a geographical perspective, this article explores positive images of safety in the context of nightlife areas. It also considers the ways by which nightlife visitors’ experienced safety might be nurtured, as an alternative to how experienced lack of safety might be ‘prevented’. From our interviews, we find safety to emerge from interactions between many (im)material elements, and the nightlife consumers themselves. We argue that positive safety can be understood as something that envelopes and at the same time is reworked by individuals, but that does not necessarily require a conscious understanding. From this finding, we offer a different logic and rhetoric regarding safety in nightlife spaces. |
Artikel |
Street PastorsSecuritas en certitudo in het Britse uitgaansleven |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 3 2016 |
Trefwoorden | night-time economy, volunteering, security, Care, Faith |
Auteurs | dr. Ronald van Steden |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
This paper presents the results of a study on Street Pastors in Cardiff, capital city of Wales. Street Pastors are Christian volunteers who look after (intoxicated) people in the nightlife district. In so doing, they provide security through empathy and care. The motives of Street Pastors to engage with partygoers are multi-layered, but their personal faith appears as a key explanation. A certain kind of orthodox ‘certitude’ of being safe (and saved) in a Higher Power gives the pastors their strength to go out on the street, face the unknown and feel compassion for their fellow citizens. |
Discussie |
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Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 3 2016 |
Trefwoorden | securitas, rule of law, Polizeiwissenschaft, politeia, democracy |
Auteurs | prof. dr. Bob Hoogenboom |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Positive security is a very promising development in criminology. The ‘movement’ reconnects the current debate on crime with the origins of ancient Greek thinking on the positive nature of politeia, policy and policing. Securitas - providing safety and security for the common good - has a long and rich tradition. Good governance is about many things, but foremost about providing security in society. Polizeiwissenschaft in 18th and 19th century Prussia made a distinction between Wohlfahrt- and Sicherheitspolizei. |
Artikel |
Roesmiddelen en regulering: oude wijn in nieuwe regels?Inleiding |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 2 2016 |
Trefwoorden | pleasurable substances, regulation, cannabis, war on drugs |
Auteurs | Prof. dr. Tom Decorte en Dr. Damián Zaitch |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
In contrast with the critical, innovative ideas developed between the 1960s and the 1980s regarding the way we deal with illegal drugs in our societies, the current dominant approaches frame the issue of drugs as a matter of crime, public order, and control. Pleasurable substances have always existed and always will, and so the efforts to cope with them. However, we witness today remarkable developments at local, national and international levels in the fields of drug policies (on cannabis for example), drug trafficking (new routes, new actors) and drug use (new substances, new drug cultures), all of which deserve our attention and push us to think beyond the repressive paradigm. This contribution, which also serves as an introduction for this special issue of ToCC on drugs, aims to present an overview of the main developments taking place, and challenges ahead, within the three above-mentioned fields. There are new markets and trends in the use of legal and illegal pleasurable substances, particularly regarding synthetic drugs (amphetamines, methamphetamines and new psychoactive substances or NPS), tobacco and alcohol. Illegal drugs are supplied from changing countries and through new routes, while retailing increasingly takes place through the so-called cryptomarkets (online). Effective policies are rendered impossible by the fundamental repression paradox: the more intensive and effective the repression, the larger the profits of drug traffickers and the balloon effects (displacement). Despite the harms and negative effects of repressive policies have extensively been documented, a societal debate towards the regulation of illegal drugs is hindered by the use of false dichotomies or presuppositions, by the use of ethical or moral appeals, or by lack of political will. Also the debate in the media is static, superficial and full of clichés. Scientific research on drugs also follows specific agendas and it is focussed on particular aspects of the problem. Changes to end the ‘war on drugs’, certainly regarding cannabis, are however underway in many places at local and national level (Uruguay, Canada, US, Spain, etc.), this despite UN bureaucracies and international conventions that fiercely resist those changes. |
Artikel |
Othering refugees: exclusion, containment and spaces of hope |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 1 2016 |
Trefwoorden | refugee camp, space, foreigner dispositif, fieldwork |
Auteurs | Lynn Musiol MA |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
The article examines mechanisms of othering the refugees illustrated on one refugee camp in Germany. Based on the theoretical strand of the foreigner dispositif, I analyze spatial and architectural compositions of the camp to outline the differentiation of ‘we’ (nation state) and ‘others’ (refugees). In the process of othering space excludes, controls and identifies refugees as ‘others’. However, being identified as the other, space can also be conceived as a specific space of hope. The findings shed some light on the link between othering, space and identity. |
Discussie |
Satire en politiek incorrecte taal: de premie op taboe-doorbreken |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 3 2015 |
Trefwoorden | satire, taboo, political correctness, free speech, the right to insult |
Auteurs | Dr. Bas van Stokkom |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
This essay argues that the breaking of taboos is an effective means to increase one’s definition-power and discredit the establishment. But rhetorical warfare and satire may also turn into its opposite: strengthening fanaticism. First, the author discusses the controversy surrounding the cartoons of Charlie Hebdo and the militant pleas for maximum artistic freedom, articulated by Salman Rushdie and others. In the second part of this essay the author argues that advocates of an inviolable right to freedom of expression, including the right to insult, may create their own taboos. Within the tabloid press and the outrage industry this ‘right’ gets more aggressive functions. Finally, some ambiguities about political correctness and the racism-taboo are discussed. |
Boekbespreking |
Poëtica in criminologisch onderzoek?Criminologie en de ars poetica |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 2 2015 |
Trefwoorden | Criminologic imagination, poetics, fiction, art as science |
Auteurs | Prof. dr. Dina Siegel |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Based on a new book edited by Michael Hviid Jacobsen The Poetics of Crime. Understanding and Researching Crime and Devience Through Creative Sources (Ashgate, 2014), Dina Siegel analyzes the ways in which social scientists can find inspiration in art, music, literature, photography and dance. She discusses how these fields can enrich criminological research by introducing new analytical instruments and skills and to discover new research fields, meanings and emotions in crime-related issues. |
Artikel |
Academische cultuur en wetenschappelijk wangedrag – en wat de relatie daartussen is |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 1 2015 |
Trefwoorden | Academic culture, Scientific misconduct, Output-driven research |
Auteurs | Prof. dr. Kristel Beyens en Prof. dr. René van Swaaningen |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
In this article, the questions why scientific misconduct has become a subject of criminological research and how scientific misconduct relates to a production-oriented academic culture are examined. It is argued that the current academic career path produces an anomic academic culture. The authors further examine the slippery notion of the term ‘scientific misconduct’ and conclude that questions about the prevalence or increase of scientific misconduct are hardly answerable. They also point at a number of undesirable side-effects of the emerging culture of distrust and control in academia, amongst which socially disengaged, highly predictable and little innovative research. They end with a plea to recapture a truly academic culture. |
Artikel |
Ethische dilemma’s bij criminologisch onderzoek |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 1 2015 |
Trefwoorden | Ethical issues, Scientific integrity, Confidentiality, Informed consent, Fabrication and falsification, Ethical commissions |
Auteurs | Prof. dr. Henk van de Bunt |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Recent years have seen a growing interest in scientific malpractice. In the Netherlands, for example, several major cases of plagiarism, fabrication of data and falsification of findings have come to light. The scandal surrounding the Dutch social psychologist Diederik Stapel, who simply made up the results of empirical research, prompted worldwide attention. As a result of these scandals, universities have, in the past few years, increased their efforts to better ensure the integrity of scientific research. In this process it is sometimes overlooked that scientific integrity is not a clear-cut concept. By examining three ethical issues relevant to criminological research, this article aims to illustrate that the assessment of integrity is a complicated matter. The first dilemma relates to maintaining confidentiality: how to ensure that the privacy of respondents is protected and the research will not harm their interests? The second dilemma has to do with the degree of openness and transparency required from the viewpoint of scientific accountability. How transparent can one be when it comes to conducting scientific research based on secret information and closed sources that are only accessible to the researchers? Finally, the third dilemma concerns the independent position of criminological research. What are the possibilities and limitations of free and independent research in the field of criminology? |
Artikel |
Reageren op problematisch wetenschappelijk gedrag voorbij de moralisering: een ander wetenschapsbeleid is mogelijk! |
Tijdschrift | Tijdschrift over Cultuur & Criminaliteit, Aflevering 1 2015 |
Trefwoorden | Science studies, Scientific fraud, Science policy, Knowledge economy, Regulation of sciences |
Auteurs | Prof. dr. Serge Gutwirth en prof. dr. Jenneke Christiaens |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
In this article the authors focus upon the measures taken as a reaction against scientific fraud against the background of the contemporary science policy that turns the practice of science into a knowledge economy. In the light of the availability but obvious underuse of reactive legal means, they question the recourse to proactive ethical control and regulation of the scientific activities. They contend that such science policy is not so much the expression of a reaction against exceptional cases of scientific fraud, than of an endeavour to discipline and control scientist to the constraints of the knowledge economy. For the authors, however, the latter is the problem to be solved: another science policy is needed. |