In deze bijdrage wordt het sanctiestelsel in het voorstel voor een Omgevingswet (zoals aangenomen door de Tweede Kamer) besproken aan de hand van een vergelijking met boetesystemen in andere wetten en het advies van de Afdeling advisering van de Raad van State.

Community oriented policing (COP) can be seen as a co-production between citizens and police (and other stakeholders) in increasing public safety. There is a broad range of projects to cooperate with citizens. We ordered these projects along two dimensions: level of co-production (informing/consulting, advising and co-creation) and domain (prevention, law and order, investigation and quality of life). Today, most initiatives are at the lowest rungs (informing and consulting), but social media provide new possibilities to involve citizens in a more direct and fast way. The effects of the various projects are mostly limited to psycho-social factors like experienced safety, feelings of control and legitimacy. However recent studies show that these factors may have an indirect effect on crime rate. Furthermore, as reducing crime rate was not the only goal for introducing COP effect studies should not be limited to crime rate but incorporate a broad range of indicators.

Gebiedsontwikkelingsprojecten roepen regelmatig staatssteunvragen op. De hier besproken zaak Leidschendam is daarvan een voorbeeld: een renovatieproject waarbij als gevolg van de crisis de afspraken tussen de gemeente en de ontwikkelaar zijn herzien. Volgens de Commissie was die herziening eenzijdig ten gunste van de ontwikkelaar. Begin 2013 vaardigde zij een verbodsbeschikking met terugvorderingsbevel uit. Op 30 juni 2015 oordeelde het Gerecht dat de Commissie onvoldoende zorgvuldig onderzoek had gedaan om te kunnen vaststellen dat de gemeente aan de ontwikkelaar staatssteun had verleend. Centraal in deze uitspraak staan de eisen die het Gerecht stelt aan de particuliere-investeerdertoets bij de herziening van een bouwproject.

Bespreking van twee recente arresten over ‘automatische toerekening’ krachtens verkeersopvatting in geval van rechtsdwaling of naderhand vernietigde besluitvorming. Deze bekende subregel wordt daarin uitgebreid naar supranationaal recht en naar handelen door een geprivatiseerd overheidsorgaan. De achtergrond van deze vorm van toerekening komt aan de orde, evenals bespreking van een recent pleidooi om daarin het ‘profijtbeginsel’ te betrekken.

Dutch local authorities are entitled to close down a building because of drug-related crime. After closure, occupiers are not allowed to live there for a while. The number of closures because of drug-related crime increases. Although the closure of a home is a most serious interference with the right to respect for one’s private life and home, the procedure has not been analyzed systematically. This paper provides the first statistic empirical analysis of litigation concerning drug-related closures of homes in the Netherlands. The paper contains some first conclusions about the characteristic features of cases about drug-related closures, based on the statistical analysis. The results show, inter alia, the relation between the type of drugs and the judicial decision. Moreover, the results provide insight in the line of reasoning of the mayor, occupiers and judge with regard to the closure of a home.

In deze bijdrage wordt het rapport: ‘Vestiging van detailhandel: de toepassing van verdragsvrijheden van het VWEU en de toepassing van de Dienstenrichtlijn’ van prof. mr. J. Struiksma, prof. mr. E. Steyger en mr. M.R. Botman op hoofdlijnen tegen het licht gehouden en worden de conclusies samengevat en op onderdelen voorzien van commentaar en opinie. Tot slot wordt een voorschot genomen op het vervolg en de vraag tot welke acties het rapport de minister aanleiding zou kunnen of moeten geven.

The advent of the Dutch National Police in 2012 is the culmination of a much longer process of centralization and scaling up of the regular police organization. Partly as a result of this process of increased scale, municipalities have introduced their own surveillance officers to patrol the streets. Thus, the contours of a dual police system have arisen. This raises various questions, and in this article we focus on two of them. First, which background factors have contributed to the emergence of new municipal enforcement organizations and to what extent developments within the police have contributed to this development? Second, what are the consequences of this dual police system and what problems and risks are involved?

Plattelandswoning. Geurgevoelig object. Systematiek Wabo en Wgv. Bescherming derdenbewoning.

An increasingly large degree of ‘public craftsmanship’ is demanded from professionals working in neighborhoods where citizens actively participate in security issues. The central question in this article is what role these neighbourhood professionals – mostly civil servants, (community) police officers and welfare professionals – play in facilitating and supporting civic projects in the field of security, how they create their ‘own’ social order outside of the formal policy domain of the organizations involved, and how they keep the public interest in mind. On the basis of three types of neighbourhood based projects – Neighbourhood Watches, ‘The Neighbourhood Governs’, and Residential Budgets – questions about the improvising and ‘crafting’ work of professionals are explored in this article. Such work is much needed in order to successfully establish connections between the different parties involved, navigate between the interests of citizens and organizations, recruit civilians while simultaneously amending their aspirations and expectations, safeguard public interests and ensure the progress of projects. Some professionals back away from these additional tasks and responsibilities they are increasingly face with. In many neighbourhoods much more is required from professionals however than the traditional roles as they were once defined by police, welfare and municipal organizations. In particular, the ‘new’ crafting professionals need to be able to deal with unreasonable expectations of ‘angry citizens’ who tend to dominate citizen participation in local security issues, act impartially and be accountable to the larger public, show personality and street credibility, and, finally, be attentive to unequal outcomes with regard to the distribution of safety and security projects in neighborhoods and districts.